TOPICS:- Introduction - Call by Value and Call by Reference – return values – recursion – Arrays - Introduction to Arrays - Initialization of Array - Multi dimensional Arrays - passing arrays to functions – Strings - Arrays of Strings - Standard Library String Functions. Structures: Structure elements, Nested Structures, Array of Structures, Array within structures and passing structures to functions.

TOPICS:- -Declaration and Initialization of Pointers, Dynamic Memory allocation/deallocation operators:-new and delete. Pointers and Arrays:-Array of Pointers, Pointer to an array, Function returning a pointer, Reference variables and use of alias. Invoking functions by passing pointers. Files – Introduction – File Structure - File handling functions - File Types - Error Handling.

TOPICS:- Basic Concepts of OOP - Benefits of OOP. Class and object fundamentals and various visibility modes in class, Object as function argumentspass by value and pass by reference. Constructor:-Special Characteristics, Declaration and Definition of a Constructor, Default Constructor, Overloaded Constructor, Copy Constructor and Constructor with default arguments. Function Overloading:-Need and restrictions of overloaded functions, Steps involved in finding the best match, Default arguments versus overloading.

TOPICS:- Rules for Operator overloading – overloading of binary and unary operators - Introduction to inheritance – Types of inheritance - Abstract Classes - new Operator and delete Operator - Pointers to Objects – this Pointer - Virtual Functions - Pure Virtual Functions - Introduction to Class Templates - Function Templates - Member Function Templates - Basics of Exception Handling - Types of exceptions - Exception Handling Mechanism - Throwing and Catching Mechanism - Rethrowing an Exception - Specifying Exceptions.